Migration guide

Overview

This guide covers the complete migration from Supabase to a modern, scalable stack:

Backend: Fastify + MongoDB
Authentication: Auth0
Storage: Cloudflare R2
Deployment: Cloudflare Workers

This migration improves performance, reduces vendor lock-in, and provides more flexible scaling options.

Prerequisites

Before starting, ensure you have:

Node.js 18+ installed
MongoDB Atlas account (free tier or $50 credit)
Auth0 account (free tier: 7,500 monthly active users)
Cloudflare account (free tier: 100K requests/day)
Vercel account (for domain management)

This migration involves changing your entire backend infrastructure. Test thoroughly in a development environment before migrating production data.

Step 1: MongoDB setup

Create MongoDB Atlas cluster

Create a project

Go to MongoDB Atlas
Create a new project: dyeink

Deploy a cluster

Deploy a free cluster (M0) or use your $50 credit for a paid tier

Create database user

Create a database user with read/write access to the dyeink database

Configure network access

For development: Add your current IP
For production: Add 0.0.0.0/0 (allow from anywhere)

Cloudflare Workers require 0.0.0.0/0 access as they don’t have fixed IPs.

Enable MongoDB Data API

For Cloudflare Workers deployment, you need the Data API:

Navigate to Data API

Go to Data Services > Data API

Enable and configure

Enable the Data API
Copy the App ID
Generate an API Key
Note the Data API URL format:

https://data.mongodb-api.com/app/{APP_ID}/endpoint/data/v1

Get connection string

Your MongoDB connection string format:

mongodb+srv://<username>:<password>@<cluster>.mongodb.net/dyeink?retryWrites=true&w=majority

Save this connection string securely - you’ll need it for backend configuration.

Step 2: Auth0 setup

Create Auth0 application

Create SPA application

Go to Auth0 Dashboard
Create a new Single Page Application
Name it “Dyeink”

Configure application settings

Set the following URLs:

Allowed Callback URLs:

http://localhost:5173, https://yourdomain.com

Allowed Logout URLs:

http://localhost:5173, https://yourdomain.com

Allowed Web Origins:

http://localhost:5173, https://yourdomain.com

Create Auth0 API

Create the API

Go to APIs > Create API
Name: DyeInk API
Identifier: https://api.dyeink.com (this is your audience)
Signing Algorithm: RS256

Enable GitHub login

Go to Authentication > Social
Enable GitHub connection
Configure with your GitHub OAuth app credentials

How to create GitHub OAuth app

Go to GitHub Settings > Developer settings > OAuth Apps
Click “New OAuth App”
Set Homepage URL: https://yourdomain.com
Set Authorization callback URL: https://YOUR_DOMAIN.auth0.com/login/callback
Copy Client ID and Client Secret to Auth0

Get Auth0 credentials

Save these values for later:

Domain: your-tenant.auth0.com
Client ID: From your SPA application
Client Secret: From your SPA application (for backend)
Audience: https://api.dyeink.com

Set up Management API access

For user deletion functionality:

Create M2M application

Go to APIs > Auth0 Management API
Create a Machine-to-Machine application
Grant permissions: delete:users
Get the token for backend user deletion

Step 3: Cloudflare setup

Create R2 bucket

Create bucket

Go to Cloudflare Dashboard > R2
Create bucket: dyeink-images

Configure public access

Enable public access, or
Set up a custom domain for the bucket

Create API tokens

Create API tokens with R2 read/write permissions

Gather R2 credentials

You’ll need:

Account ID: From Cloudflare dashboard
Access Key ID: From R2 API tokens
Secret Access Key: From R2 API tokens
Bucket Name: dyeink-images
Public URL: https://your-bucket.r2.dev or custom domain

Step 4: Backend configuration

Install dependencies

cd backend
npm install

The backend uses these key dependencies:

{
  "fastify": "^4.26.0",
  "mongoose": "^8.1.1",
  "@fastify/jwt": "^8.0.0",
  "jwks-rsa": "^3.1.0",
  "@aws-sdk/client-s3": "^3.500.0",
  "hono": "^4.0.0"
}

Create environment file

Copy .env.example to .env and configure:

# MongoDB
MONGODB_URI=mongodb+srv://user:pass@cluster.mongodb.net/dyeink

# For Cloudflare Workers (MongoDB Data API)
MONGODB_DATA_API_URL=https://data.mongodb-api.com/app/YOUR_APP_ID/endpoint/data/v1
MONGODB_DATA_API_KEY=your-api-key
MONGODB_DATABASE=dyeink

# Auth0
AUTH0_DOMAIN=your-tenant.auth0.com
AUTH0_CLIENT_ID=your-client-id
AUTH0_CLIENT_SECRET=your-client-secret
AUTH0_AUDIENCE=https://api.dyeink.com
AUTH0_MANAGEMENT_API_TOKEN=your-management-token

# Cloudflare R2
R2_ACCOUNT_ID=your-account-id
R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID=your-access-key
R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=your-secret-key
R2_BUCKET_NAME=dyeink-images
R2_PUBLIC_URL=https://your-r2-bucket.r2.dev

# Vercel (domain management)
VERCEL_TOKEN=your-vercel-token
VERCEL_PROJECT_ID=your-project-id
VERCEL_TEAM_ID=your-team-id

# App
PORT=3000
FRONTEND_URL=http://localhost:5173

Never commit .env files to version control. Add .env to your .gitignore.

Run development server

npm run dev

The backend will start on http://localhost:3000.

Step 5: Frontend configuration

Install dependencies

cd platform
npm install

Create environment file

Copy .env.example to .env:

VITE_AUTH0_DOMAIN=your-tenant.auth0.com
VITE_AUTH0_CLIENT_ID=your-client-id
VITE_AUTH0_AUDIENCE=https://api.dyeink.com
VITE_AUTH0_REDIRECT_URI=http://localhost:5173
VITE_API_BASE_URL=http://localhost:3000/api

Run development server

npm run dev

The frontend will start on http://localhost:5173.

Step 6: Data migration

Export data from Supabase

Export your existing data:

-- Export users (you'll need to recreate in Auth0)
SELECT * FROM auth.users;

-- Export posts
SELECT * FROM posts;

-- Export site_settings
SELECT * FROM site_settings;

-- Export subscribers
SELECT * FROM subscribers;

Transform and import to MongoDB

MongoDB document structure for posts:

{
  "_id": "user-id_1234567890",
  "userId": "auth0|user123",
  "title": "My Post",
  "slug": "my-post",
  "content": "<p>Content here</p>",
  "excerpt": "Excerpt here",
  "coverImage": "https://r2.dev/image.webp",
  "published": true,
  "publishedAt": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
  "views": 100,
  "shares": 10,
  "createdAt": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
  "updatedAt": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"
}

Use MongoDB Compass to import JSON data, or create a migration script using the Mongoose models.

Migrate images to R2

Download images from Supabase

Use Supabase Storage API to download all images

Upload to Cloudflare R2

Use the AWS S3 SDK (R2 is S3-compatible):

import { S3Client, PutObjectCommand } from '@aws-sdk/client-s3'

const s3 = new S3Client({
  region: 'auto',
  endpoint: `https://${R2_ACCOUNT_ID}.r2.cloudflarestorage.com`,
  credentials: {
    accessKeyId: R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
    secretAccessKey: R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
  },
})

await s3.send(new PutObjectCommand({
  Bucket: 'dyeink-images',
  Key: 'image.webp',
  Body: buffer,
  ContentType: 'image/webp',
}))

Update image URLs

Update all post coverImage fields to point to R2 URLs

Step 7: Deployment

Option 1: Cloudflare Workers (recommended)

Configure wrangler

Edit wrangler.toml with your settings

Add secrets

cd backend
wrangler secret put MONGODB_DATA_API_KEY
wrangler secret put MONGODB_DATA_API_URL
wrangler secret put AUTH0_DOMAIN
wrangler secret put AUTH0_AUDIENCE
wrangler secret put R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID
wrangler secret put R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
# ... add all other secrets

Deploy

npm run deploy

Cloudflare Workers provide global edge deployment with sub-50ms response times worldwide.

Option 2: Traditional server

For platforms like Railway, Render, or DigitalOcean:

Build the backend

npm run build

Deploy

Push your code to GitHub
Connect your hosting platform to the repository
Set environment variables in the platform dashboard
Deploy

Deploy frontend to Vercel

Update environment variables

Set VITE_API_BASE_URL to your deployed backend URL

Deploy

vercel deploy --prod

Or connect your GitHub repository to Vercel for automatic deployments

Step 8: Testing

Test authentication

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/auth/register \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_AUTH0_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"auth0Id": "auth0|123", "email": "test@example.com"}'

Test post creation

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/posts \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_AUTH0_TOKEN" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"title": "Test Post", "slug": "test-post", "content": "Hello"}'

Test image upload

curl -X POST http://localhost:3000/api/upload \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_AUTH0_TOKEN" \
  -F "file=@/path/to/image.jpg"

Troubleshooting

CORS issues

Ensure FRONTEND_URL is set correctly in backend .env
Check Auth0 allowed origins include your frontend URL
Verify Fastify CORS middleware is configured

Auth0 token issues

Verify audience matches in both Auth0 and backend config
Check token hasn’t expired (default: 24 hours)
Ensure JWKS endpoint is accessible from your backend
Confirm Auth0 domain is correct (no https:// prefix in env vars)

MongoDB connection issues

Check IP whitelist in MongoDB Atlas (should include 0.0.0.0/0 for Workers)
Verify connection string format and credentials
For Workers: ensure Data API is enabled and API key is correct
Test connection using MongoDB Compass

R2 upload issues

Check bucket permissions and public access settings
Verify R2 credentials (Account ID, Access Key, Secret Key)
Ensure bucket name is correct
Check file size limits (R2 free tier: 10GB storage)

Deployment issues

For Workers: Ensure all secrets are set via wrangler secret put
For traditional hosting: Check environment variables are set correctly
Verify build completes without errors
Check platform logs for runtime errors

File structure

Your project structure after migration:

/dyeink
├── /backend                 # Fastify backend
│   ├── /src
│   │   ├── /config         # Database config
│   │   ├── /middleware     # Auth middleware
│   │   ├── /models         # MongoDB schemas
│   │   ├── /routes         # API routes
│   │   ├── /services       # Business logic
│   │   ├── index.ts        # Fastify entry
│   │   └── worker.ts       # Cloudflare Worker entry
│   ├── package.json
│   ├── tsconfig.json
│   └── wrangler.toml       # Cloudflare config
│
├── /platform               # React frontend
│   ├── /src
│   │   ├── /lib
│   │   │   ├── auth0.ts    # Auth0 client
│   │   │   └── apiClient.ts # API client
│   │   ├── /services       # API services
│   │   ├── /stores         # Zustand stores
│   │   ├── /features       # Feature components
│   │   └── /components     # UI components
│   └── package.json
│
└── MIGRATION_GUIDE.md

Post-migration checklist

Keep your Supabase backup for at least 30 days after migration in case you need to reference or recover any data.

Support

If you encounter issues during migration:

Check browser console for frontend errors
Check backend logs for API errors
Verify all environment variables are set correctly
Test API endpoints individually using cURL or Postman
Consult the MongoDB, Auth0, and Cloudflare documentation

Create a migration checklist and test each step in a development environment before migrating production data.

Documentation Index

​Overview

​Prerequisites

​Step 1: MongoDB setup

​Create MongoDB Atlas cluster

​Enable MongoDB Data API

​Get connection string

​Step 2: Auth0 setup

​Create Auth0 application

​Create Auth0 API

​Configure social connections

​Get Auth0 credentials

​Set up Management API access

​Step 3: Cloudflare setup

​Create R2 bucket

​Gather R2 credentials

​Step 4: Backend configuration

​Install dependencies

​Create environment file

​Run development server

​Step 5: Frontend configuration

​Install dependencies

​Create environment file

​Run development server

​Step 6: Data migration

​Export data from Supabase

​Transform and import to MongoDB

​Migrate images to R2

​Step 7: Deployment

​Option 1: Cloudflare Workers (recommended)

​Option 2: Traditional server

​Deploy frontend to Vercel

​Step 8: Testing

​Test authentication

​Test post creation

​Test image upload

​Troubleshooting

​File structure

​Post-migration checklist

​Support

Overview

Prerequisites

Step 1: MongoDB setup

Create MongoDB Atlas cluster

Enable MongoDB Data API

Get connection string

Step 2: Auth0 setup

Create Auth0 application

Create Auth0 API

Configure social connections

Get Auth0 credentials

Set up Management API access

Step 3: Cloudflare setup

Create R2 bucket

Gather R2 credentials

Step 4: Backend configuration

Install dependencies

Create environment file

Run development server

Step 5: Frontend configuration

Install dependencies

Create environment file

Run development server

Step 6: Data migration

Export data from Supabase

Transform and import to MongoDB

Migrate images to R2

Step 7: Deployment

Option 1: Cloudflare Workers (recommended)

Option 2: Traditional server

Deploy frontend to Vercel

Step 8: Testing

Test authentication

Test post creation

Test image upload

Troubleshooting

File structure

Post-migration checklist

Support